Increased HPRT Mutation Frequencies in Polyacryle Fibre Manufacturers
Occupationally Exposed to Acrylonitrile and/or Dimethylformamide*
Jenõ Major, Mátyás G. Jakab, Aranka Hudák,
Miklós Náray, Judith Szaniszló, Imre Nagy and Anna
Tompa
National Institute of Occupational Health, Hungary
Corresponding: Jenõ Major
National Institute of Occupational Health
H-1450 Budapest
P.O.Box 22, Hungary,
Tel: (36) 1215-7890
CEJOEM 1997, 3:102-113
*This work was financially supported by grants
of Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Hungary (ETT 395/90 No 1-3 and
ETT T-08 043/93).
Key words:
Acrylonitrile, dimethylformamide, genotoxicity, HPRT, lymphocytes,
risk assessment
Abbreviations:
ACN: acrylonitrile;
ANOVA: analysis of variance;
CA: chromosome aberration;
DMF: dimethylformamide;
HPRT: hypoxanthine guanine phosphorybosyl transferase;
Ht: haematocrit;
LI: labelling index;
MC: maximum concentration;
MF: mutation frequency;
MMF: monomethylformamide;
PBL: peripheral blood lymphocyte;
PCR: polymerase chain reaction;
PHA: phytohaemagglutinine-P;
SCE: sister-chromatid exchange;
SCN: ferri-thiocyanate;
SE: standard error;
TG: 6-thioguanine;
VF: variation frequency.
Abstract:
Mutation and variation frequencies (MF and VF) of hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphorybosyl
transferase (HPRT) loci of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of 26 occupationally
acrylonitrile (ACN) and/or dimethylformamide (DMF) exposed 30–40 year old
male workers (13 fibre manufacturers and 13 maintainers) were investigated
twice by autoradiography in a follow-up study in order to assess the (cancer)
risk of the donors. Data were compared with those of 6 industrial controls
of the same plant, and 26 unexposed matched controls. Biological and life
style confounding factors as total leukocyte count, hematocrit, current
smoking and drinking habits were also considered. Ambient air, and urine
ACN and DMF concentrations were measured by gas chromatography. Average
peak ACN and DMF concentrations in the ambient air samples were over the
actual maximum concentration limits (MC). Urine ACN and DMF levels were
almost doubled after the workshifts. Labelling indices (LI) in PBLs of
the exposed donors were significantly decreased. Mean VF of the exposed
workers was increased compared with controls in each investigation, however,
VF values of the maintainers decreased earlier than that of the fibre manufacturers.
An analysis of variance indicated smoking related increases in mean VF
values. The presented data demonstrate that occupational ACN and/or DMF
exposures can significantly increase the mutation frequencies suggesting
increased (cancer) risk as a possible late effect of the genotoxic exposure.
Received: 18 February 1977
Accepted: 05 May 1977
Posted: 29 November 1998 |
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